CIPP/US Study Guide
Chapter 6: State Comprehensive Privacy Laws

Enforcement - Penalties and Enforcers

The state attorney general has sole or joint enforcement power in every state; California adds the CPPA. Penalty caps vary: California $2,500 (up to $7,500 intentional), Utah and Virginia $7,500/violation, Colorado up to $20,000 (deceptive trade practice), Connecticut up to $5,000 per willful violation.

Penalties and enforcers
StatePenalty per violationEnforcer
CaliforniaUp to $2,500 (up to $7,500 intentional)Attorney general AND the CPPA
VirginiaUp to $7,500Attorney general (sole)
UtahUp to $7,500Attorney general (sole)
ColoradoUp to $20,000 (deceptive trade practice)Attorney general AND local district attorneys
ConnecticutUp to $5,000 per willful violation (unfair trade practice)Attorney general with the Division of Consumer Protection
Colorado's $20,000 is the high cap

Colorado has the highest stated penalty cap ($20,000), treating violations as deceptive trade practices. Note Utah and Virginia both cap at $7,500 and have sole AG enforcement, while Colorado uniquely adds local district attorneys.

Key terms - quick answers

What is “Cure period”?
A set number of days an enforcer must give a business to fix a violation before sanction; present in some states, expired or absent in others.